Use of flue gas desulfurization gypsum to reduce dissolved phosphorus in runoff and leachate from two agricultural soils

Controlling dissolved phosphorus (DP) loss from high P soil to avoid water eutrophication is a worldwide priority. A greenhouse study was conducted in which flue gas desulfurization gypsum (FGDG) applied by using different application methods and rates two agricultural soils. Phosphorus fertilizer incorporated into the soils at 2.95 g kg−1 simulate with levels. The FGDG then amounts of 0, 1.5, 15 on either surface or mixed throughout samples no-tillage tillage, respectively. Ryegrass planted after treatment application. showed that reduced runoff DP 33% leachate 38% silt loam soil, 46% 14% clay FGDG. Mixing method (tillage) provided strong interaction higher To overall effect, mixing-applied performed better controlling while surface-applied (no tillage) its advantage soil. In practice it necessary optimize concentrations, methods, sources (runoff leachate) get maximized benefits had no negative effects ryegrass.